March 29, 2024

The World In 2050, The Real Future Of Earth (BBC & Nat Geo Documentaries)



Published May 13, 2023, 4:08 a.m. by Arrik Motley


The year is 2050. The world is a vastly different place than it is today. The population has exploded and the resources of the planet are running low. The climate has changed dramatically, causing widespread famine and disease. In the midst of all this chaos, a small group of people have banded together to create a utopia. They live in a world where technology has made everything possible. They have the resources to cure all ills and the knowledge to make the world a better place.

This is the story of the documentary "Lifestyle - The world in 2050", which explores the real future of our planet. The film takes a look at the problems facing the world today and how they will affect us in the future. It also looks at the solutions that are being developed to address these problems.

The documentary is narrated by Top Class Documentaries, who are known for their informative and thought-provoking films. They have created a film that is both entertaining and educational. The film is sure to leave you with a lot to think about.

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[Music]

we are in a race the race is against

time

we have to build cities we need them but

we have to make them in a different way

we need a wave of innovation not only

for our way of life but also the planet

the consequences would be enormous if we

lose this battle

[Music]

[Applause]

[Music]

[Applause]

[Music]

i'm thomas goetz executive editor at

wired magazine

at wired we look at the innovators and

innovations that are changing our world

in the next hour we'll see three stories

from acclaimed filmmakers about the

future of energy

we'll explore cutting edge innovations

in how we drive how we live and in our

first story how we fuel our cars

they are all ideas that promise to shape

the path to the world of 2050.

[Music]

the world has right now

close to a billion cars and we might

double the number of cars on the planet

by 2050.

so if we double the number of vehicles

we really increase

the amount of fuel they consume and

that's going to have a big big footprint

in terms of our demand for resources to

move all those vehicles around we're

pulling up carbon that's been stored

underground and burning it in our

automobiles and putting all that carbon

dioxide into the atmosphere

if we don't reduce that we could have

changes in the climate that we could

never recover from

there's a number of forecasts for what

type of transportation economy we could

move into one vision is that we will use

more and more liquid fuels

another owners will use more and more

electricity and right now more of the

industrial activity is focused around

liquid biofuels

the thing about a fuel is it's really

unparalleled on a weight basis how much

energy is in a gallon of fuel

and even if batteries develop as some of

the advocates hope they develop we're

not going to see batteries running large

trucks and we're certainly not going to

see an electrified airplane

we're going to need transportation fuels

for those that will directly replace the

petroleum-based fuels that we're using

today

this has kicked off people looking at a

whole range of other alternatives to

petroleum in your tank

[Music]

commercial production of ethanol as fuel

started in brazil in 1975. when we

started the ethanol program nobody

talked about

reducing emissions this was not an issue

at that time

first and most important

we didn't have money to buy oil anymore

after the first oil shock

we were importers of oil

and today

more than 50 percent of all cars use

ethanol instead of gasoline

brazil made a very conscious choice to

try to find a way to reduce their fossil

fuel dependence and they didn't have to

look very far

because brazil's climate is ideal for

growing sugar cane

then you have sugar cane plantation you

have only two things to make sugar and

ethanol

my family has been in sugarcane business

since 1955 and about 30 years ago i

thought there is opportunity to make

more ethanol

and now we are producing

120

000

cubic meters of ethanol

brazil today has very close to 400 sugar

meals

the overall sales is 30 billion us

dollars and this number is increasing

if you look at how they make ethanol and

how efficient the process is it's really

a model for all of us

they grind the plant up

extract the sugar from the cane the

sugar goes into these large fermentation

tanks which combines sugars together

with yeast that naturally produces

ethanol

they use the rest of the plant to

generate heat to distill the ethanol and

turn it into fuel

they also use that heat to generate

electricity renewably not putting excess

carbon dioxide in the atmosphere

brazil has gotten to a point today where

they're using about 40 percent less

petroleum than they would be otherwise

but brazil cannot supply the whole world

with ethanol because they would have to

cut very strongly into food production

and into critical natural areas like the

amazon to make that happen

and this really boils down to the fact

that there's only so much arable land

and

growing fuel for our gas tanks is yet

another demand on that landscape

we cannot keep ourselves in thinking

that we found a general solution for the

world problems i think we will have to

face the world in this way today we have

no oil in very large quantities anymore

we have no coal transformed in a clean

way in the meantime we have to do the

best we can

and the best at the moment is that we

can do biofuels

sugarcane to ethanol is an incredibly

efficient process you get out about

seven times the energy you put into

growing the sugarcane

in the u.s when we produce ethanol from

corn for every unit of input of energy

we get about the same amount of energy

out

so we're really not gaining anything we

need a better process we don't have to

take what nature has given us we can

actually engineer plants and yeast to be

more efficient and that's the basis for

a lot of the work that we're doing now

what we need to look at though is which

of the pathways that come out of this

are not only good financially but those

that are also good in sustainability and

this equation is is really wide open

right now

we are in a race to develop fuels

the race isn't with other countries the

race is against time

[Music]

to meet the immediate and future demands

we made the energy solution spring from

the ground

[Music]

brazil is the most efficient ethanol

producing country in the world

sugarcane alcohol from brazil can reduce

the total carbon footprint by up to 70

percent compared with the gasoline

[Music]

the biggest challenge for fuel providers

and car manufacturers is to reduce co2

emissions over the next 20 years

demand for mobility will continue to

grow we believe that biofuels are very

important

because they help in an immediate way

all forms of fuel are going to be needed

hydrocarbons natural gas biofuels all of

them are going to be part of the energy

for the future of transportation

[Music]

brazil has been very successful at

taking a resource they had

and finding the process to make that

into ethanol and people call those first

generation biofuels

we have lots of lab work around the

world that are looking at the second

generation that's generally turning

cellulosic material from for example

weeds

into biofuels

and the united states is very much at

the forefront of the innovation part of

the equation

[Music]

for centuries we have been using yeast

to consume glucose and produce wine and

beer we're trying to do something very

similar only we're engineering the yeast

to consume that glucose and turn it into

a fuel or a drug or chemical

we call this synthetic biology and when

i started in this area many of my

colleagues said oh jay this is great

work

but where's the application what are you

going to do with these tools who cares

malaria is an enormous problem in any

one year a million or so people die of

the disease and most of them are

children under the age of five so we

thought this was a great opportunity to

engineer yeast to produce an

anti-malarial drug called artemisinin

this drug is derived from plants right

now but it's too expensive for people in

the developing world so my laboratory

engineered yeast to produce small

quantities of artemisinin now that

process is being scaled up and we'll

have this drug on the market shortly but

at a substantially reduced cost

it turns out that anti-malarial drug is

a hydrocarbon and it's very similar in

many ways to diesel fuel

we thought gosh we can turn our

attention now to fuels we could make a

few changes in that microbe to turn it

into a fuel-producing microbe

if we imagine that glucose is going to

be our new petroleum we need a source

for that glucose so the crops that we're

looking at are crops like switchgrass

this is a native grass that grows

without a lot of water and on marginal

lands but we could turn into energy

farms

the challenge though is that unlike

sugarcane it's very difficult to get the

sugar out of that biomass

so we use what we call a pre-treatment

process to extract the glucose from the

plant and then we feed that glucose

to a yeast that we've engineered to

produce hydrocarbons and that yeast

takes in the sugar

and it changes its composition and gives

us this high energy molecule

they float to the top you skim them off

you put them in your tank

but it takes a lot of work to get from

that small test tube all the way up into

the million gallon tank so we have to

give it time but i think that some of

the discoveries that are happening might

be applied by the end of the decade

[Music]

in terms of a sustainable equation for

the planet the role of biofuels is quite

tricky there are a variety of crops that

do not compete directly with food and

finding ways to utilize those types of

crops first that's very attractive so

solving the science is part of the story

but then evaluating all of these new

fuels in terms of the land use impacts

that they could have that is an even

harder story than doing the good science

imagine that you could have one process

that could take in sunlight and carbon

dioxide and turn it into fuel

and imagine if that didn't involve

growing anything at all

[Music]

the synthetic biologists are trying to

take plants and make them do things that

they wouldn't normally do

on the other hand materials chemists

like myself want to do artificial

photosynthesis

to improve on the process that nature

does in real photosynthesis

[Music]

we should follow the blueprint of plants

converting sunlight into fuel but take

the approach that it could be much

simpler all we really need is a light

absorber that absorbs sunlight we also

need a catalyst like iron or nickel

so when you see the hydrogen coming off

of a photoactive material that's an

example of a semiconductor breaking the

chemical bonds of water to make hydrogen

and oxygen ultimately our pieces are

going to be contained in something that

is easy to roll out like bubble wrap or

in would come sunlight and water

you would vent the oxygen to the air but

the bottom would wick out your liquid or

gaseous fuel that then you could collect

and use for our cars and planes and

storage

[Music]

our goal is within two years to have the

first

artificial photosynthesis a solar fuels

generator that we can hold in our hands

and then get to scale beyond that time

we're certainly not good at predicting

the future but to me electric vehicles

look like a sustainable option we've

heard proposals about things as far

fetched as nuclear power planes and even

some proposals to move freight around

with lighter than air vehicles and so if

the future in 2050 does include a fair

amount of oil what it means would be

that we haven't deployed

as many of these clean technologies as

we already know are possible

if you think about how long it's taken

for us to build up the petroleum

industry we can't hope to reverse that

overnight it's huge change in our

infrastructure yes we should have been

working on it 30 years ago

we didn't we're trying to make up for

that and that means basic research needs

to be done now and by as many people as

possible

we have a long way to go but i'm

confident that we'll get there

in the future 3d maps are going to help

people get places more efficiently

[Music]

as we just saw the race to produce

cleaner energy is charging ahead in the

meantime demand for cars continues to

climb

by 2050 it's predicted there'll be two

billion cars on the planet and fuel

consumption will have tripled to keep

pace we'll have to radically change the

way we drive

here's our next story driven by design

the automobile came around

in many ways it was the future we

thought of it as one of the more

positive changes that had happened to

society suddenly our ability to get a

job changed

we can live further away with bigger

plots of land with better quality of

living it all looked quite good

but there are limitations to swearing by

the car if it gets congested your

quality of life drops immediately to

spend so long in the car

it's very inefficient use of fuel

consumption

things start making sense all of a

sudden it doesn't bring you closer to

where you want to get it actually

sometimes brings you farther

the average american spends nearly 300

hours a year in their car

38 of them stuck in traffic

annually congestion consumes over 1

billion in gasoline in the united states

alone

the inefficiency caused by traffic both

financial and personal is enormous

[Music]

dirk sheen and carmen white's story is

not that unusual today

dirk works an hour and a half away in

warrenville illinois

generally he wouldn't leave work until 6

or 6 30 and i would say a usual time for

him to get home is around 8.

usually when i wake up i'm the only one

up

sometimes the kids wake up with my

routine more often than not i don't see

them in the morning

i think about my commute when i wake up

i check the traffic report see if

there's any delays

the worst case scenario it takes me two

hours to get to work

we are already so limited in the amount

of time he can spend with the

kids and our expenses are crazy high

we are spending 400 bucks a month on gas

it takes away from our food budget

and we never paid for gas like that

before ever

there's technology that would allow me

to spend less time in the car spend less

money on gas

and spend more time at home

i'd be all for that

the cost of traffic is people's time

it's fuel wasted it's an emotional toll

it's a frustration

utilizing the roads more intelligently

is a much more efficient approach to the

inability to have supply keep up with

traffic demand

if you took a satellite picture of the

highway you can see that there's

actually a lot of open space and

if we had the technology for cars to

drive more closely but safely then you

could increase the utilization of the

road

network what this means is that to be

more efficient to use less fuel we need

to see the road differently

we need cars that can navigate through

the urban landscape in a radically

different way

maps in the future are going to be able

to help people get places either more

safely or more efficiently

today just helps you get from point a to

point b

but what if i want to get someplace and

use the least amount of fuel possible or

if i've got a hybrid vehicle i want to

make sure i've got plenty of charge not

only get there but to get back home

so information that is going to help

people achieve the more efficient or the

safer route is more detailed information

about the road than a lot of people

realize as possible to collect today

here in chicago nokia's location and

commerce unit is developing the next

generation of mapping

lidar sonar

360 degree video

all are components of what nokia calls

digital mapping

we use 64 lasers that rotate and they

collect data in a 3d way

about the world it creates what we call

a point cloud of information that point

cloud allows us to measure distances

then between the points that we collect

that system combined with the cameras

with higher precision location detection

through inertial measurement units that

whole data system allows us to collect

1.3 million points of data per second

probably within two to three years

you're going to see 3d maps that are

going to integrate the traffic

information into your routing to help

you understand if i've got five

different routes to take which one is

the most efficient today given the way

the stop lights are running given the

way traffic is running all of those

factors are going to be taken into

consideration to make sure i've got the

best route

but better mapping that can integrate

topography infrastructure and density is

only part of the answer

another key to improving transport

efficiency

is building cars that drive themselves

autonomous vehicle technology

has a tremendous potential to improve

efficiency of our road infrastructure

by removing humans from the equation we

eliminate all the things we do wrong

behind the wheel

speeding changing lanes too often

merging haphazardly

and by marrying autonomous vehicles with

sophisticated 3d maps we can make

driving safer and more energy efficient

[Music]

that next generation vehicle is being

built right now by the swedish trucking

company scania

the solution is to see it is that the

vehicles can utilize intelligent maps

three-dimensional maps with traffic

information

the vehicles will be intelligent and

communicate with each other they will

talk to each other they will talk to the

infrastructure

and we will see completely autonomous

driven vehicles

the goal was to have multiple robots and

see if they could go 60 miles fully

autonomously

[Applause]

my name's helen taylor my husband john

and i we're very passionate about fuel

economy

yeah it's great to break world records

but that's not the only end all now it's

more important to educate people

together we're showing drivers around

the world simple techniques to improve

their fuel efficiency

we run these education programs get

people on the road with us and we

finally tweak their driving techniques

things like just checking these tire

pressures before you even get into your

car for every one psi your tires are

under inflated you're wasting three

percent of your fuel efficiency and the

difference between 65 and 75 miles per

hour there's a saving of 23 percent

when you talk to the general public

they're very surprised that an energy

company like shell is trying to educate

people how to save money how to reduce

co2 emissions and here we have shell

sending us around the world to do that

you always hope when you're on this

planet that you can make a real

difference in people's lives

when you get emails from people saying

i've saved this amount of money this

year now i can put food on the table

then you know you are really making a

difference

[Music]

by displaying traffic density in the

urban infrastructure in a revolutionary

way

3d digital maps will help create a more

fuel-efficient future

but these technologies are limited by

the drivers who sit behind the wheel

some believe that for cars and trucks to

be truly energy efficient they will need

to drive themselves

the technology is coming into play

through sensors and

capabilities for cars to drive

autonomously

in 2007 the united states department of

defense held a competition to see if a

completely autonomous self-driving

vehicle was possible

darpa stands for the defense advanced

research projects agency

they have a competition to develop

self-driving robots that could drive

themselves in traffic

the goal was to have multiple robots

turn them loose on a course and see if

they could go 60 miles in six hours

fully autonomously

driving may be one of the most complex

things we do every day

drivers make dozens of decisions at any

given moment

one study found that drivers were

exposed over 1300 items of information

per minute

we make so many decisions when we're

driving without even thinking about it

so in creating our vehicle a great

component of the enterprise was

developing software

to handle lots of sensors

feeding lots of data and generating a

bunch of potential paths that the

vehicle might follow

and even though the robot doesn't have

the ability to predict the future

by using this fast random path

generation the robot could anticipate a

potential accident and choose a path to

avoid it because it's always thinking

about what things could the car do next

no one expects millions of cars driving

themselves anytime soon

but there is a place where

self-navigating technologies are being

optimized to create the vehicle of the

future

beyond let's go on your test track

outside stockholm

where we have basically it looks like in

highway but it's a separate test track

where we conduct our own experiments

scania the swedish trucking company has

recently begun testing its next

generation of long-haul truck

utilizing radar sonar and intelligent

mapping they've been able to drastically

reduce fuel consumption

we have this example with platooning

where we

make use of the reduction in in air

resistance or air drag that you get from

driving close to each other with heavy

duty vehicles

and in order to control this you need to

know where the other vehicles are where

their position their velocity their

actions in the near future

and to be very close to the vehicle

ahead of you

requires that you have very accurate

control

if you look at robotics broadly there's

a wonderful set of research on people

looking at schooling of fish and

and trying to develop the ability for

robots to work together like that so

they're wonderful examples from nature

of how cooperation can lead to more

efficient resource utilization

you can see it when people are competing

in tourists

they platoon to reduce air drag

they are not bicycling behind each other

that close but because it's fun

or because they are racing

it is because they are reducing air drag

sitting behind the

man who is leading

a truck traveling 55 miles per hour

expends half its energy just to move the

air around it at 65 miles per hour that

number jumps to almost two-thirds

even if platooning can reduce the energy

used by 10 percent the savings would be

substantial

if a vehicle in front of another vehicle

wants to break it immediately sends out

the brake message to the

other vehicles so they actually break at

the same time

the way we do this is by we have an

automated system so now for instance if

i take my feet off the acceleration

pedal and turn the system on the

velocity is automatically governed by

getting information from the vehicle

ahead through its wireless system

we want these vehicles to maintain a

short relative distance

so through this system we can reduce the

fuel consumption

by utilizing the air drag reduction by

10 percent

and 10 would mean he will be able to

save approximately 8 000 euros per

single heavy-duty vehicle per year

[Music]

it may be some time before autonomous

vehicles make up the majority of cars on

america's highways

nevertheless

some of these technologies are already

making their way into our lives

now this polar baby wants to sleep

do you get to pick up books every day or

is it just something new you get to

pick out books sometimes okay

when we look toward the future

the systems will absolutely make it

safer and more efficient and less costly

for you and also make your life easier

because you're spending less time on the

roads

the city begins to talk begins to tell

you where is their congestion what's

going on in different areas of town

suddenly the car becomes a part of a

much bigger ecosystem

we can look at how cars interact with

other cars how car interacts with

infrastructure and us the drivers

can start to make smart decisions about

how to move around

suddenly mobility becomes a whole other

thing

no matter how much money they have no

matter how much oil they have everybody

has to go in a different direction

[Music]

we've seen that changing the way we

drive can improve transportation

efficiencies

but what if we change the way we build

and live in our cities that's the

subject of our next story searching for

utopia we'll travel to the united arab

emirates and discover a city rising out

of the desert

let's take a look

[Music]

from the beginning we've dreamed of

utopia

a place where we could live in harmony

with each other and in balance with

nature

many have imagined it

tried to design it

but the dream always slipped away

[Music]

then i heard they were building a new

city called mazdar

near abu dhabi in the arabian desert

it sounded like an unlikely place for

utopia and i wanted to see it

[Music]

the last half century has been a pretty

bad time for the making of cities mostly

the natural tendency has been to

accommodate to the automobile more than

anything else

try walking around abu dhabi

it's impossible you have to take a car

everywhere

dubai the same thing

they are among the least pedestrian

friendly places in the world

they are not green by any other measure

either

[Music]

and these are not easy things to fix

[Music]

mazdar is still under construction and

it doesn't look like much from the

highway

but they claim it's going to redefine

the way cities are designed built and

powered

mazda city in abu dhabi will be the city

of the future and the role model for the

world

once you see what they've envisioned for

this utopian city it's very impressive

it's carbon neutral pedestrian friendly

and powered by renewable energies

but i do notice we're going to have to

change our relationship with

cars welcome to monster city

we are driving in the in the bowels of

masdar city in an electric

transportation system

slightly unnerving to seeing this for

the first time and where are we going

the first big move the architects at

foster and partners made

was to put all transportation underneath

the city

leaving the streets of masdar totally

free of cars

the place reminded me of a medieval city

and actually many design elements are

adapted from ancient arabic towns and

villages

it's all about looking back into history

to move forward

there's some very very simple ideas that

have a huge impact

this is a pedestrian zone there's no

cars here this and this has enabled us

to push our streets together to take the

advantage of the shade

channel the cooling breezes through

the whole scale here is based on the

human being it's not based on the motor

car

as soon as you lift up the pedestrian

plane by seven meters you've suddenly

captured this breeze

[Music]

what you can see here in the balcony is

we've got a modern interpretation of an

ancient arabic screen

what we must avoid

is direct sunlight hitting any piece of

glass

as soon as the sun hits the glass the

heat's transferred into the building and

we have to use more energy to cool it

down

can this really make all that much of a

difference yeah absolutely for example

downtown abu dhabi

60 meter wide street black asphalt

mirrored reflective buildings

no relief from the sun

holiday in september the air temperature

in both places was 39 degrees

in abu dhabi

the temperature

measured at the asphalt was 57 degrees

in masdar the temperature measured

on the ground 33 degrees so we've

actually lowered the air temperature

we're trying to do as much as possible

with as little as possible

these simple design moves cut air

conditioning needs by 60 percent

but this place is also technically very

sophisticated

the roof panels not only provide shade

they also generate electricity

and the walls themselves are made of

glass reinforced concrete

literally sand taken from the desert

everything here is geared towards

maximizing energy efficiency

nasdar does represent a whole different

value system

it represents an acknowledgement that

eventually

everybody has to go in a different kind

of direction no matter how much money

they have no matter how much oil they

have no matter anything else

all of the cities here in this part of

the world have come out of nowhere

there was nothing here not so long ago

except small settlements in the desert

and then all of this oil and all this

money and suddenly you know wham

these cities started

popping up

but they sprung up in a false love of a

western model that was already out of

date

the motto of the late 20th century

automobile-based

energy-hogging city

for most of the world energy is very

expensive

but the united arab emirates is sitting

on 10

of the world's oil

and energy is cheap

sochi you can run a ski slope in a

shopping mall

and build the world's tallest skyscraper

but even here cheap energy won't last

forever

and the people behind masdar are

determined to find alternatives

[Music]

one of the most crucial aspects of our

energy modeling and scenario

quantification is how much energy in

total is the world going to use in 2050

[Music]

the scenarios team is a bunch of people

with rich imagination i would say we

have political scientists economists

geopolitical experts really we try to

simplify the complexity all around us

we in the scenarios team are currently

putting a lot of attention into

cities and city development

[Music]

a lot of mega cities are going to be

built in the coming decades we're

talking about the equivalent of a new

city of a million people

every week that is an incredible demand

most of the world's resources are

consumed by the cities

what if we could offer a blueprint for a

better city public transportation

information

energy we understand demand will rise we

understand that current supplies will

struggle to keep pace

so we have to of course find ways of

bridging the gap between the demand and

the supply

decisions that we take now are going to

have a major impact on decades to come

[Music]

there's enough oil under these sands to

last 150 years

but fundamental to the mazda ideal is

getting energy from renewable sources

from geothermal and wind

and most of all from a source they have

in abundance in the desert

the sun

[Music]

this field of solar panels makes more

than enough electricity to run master

and the excess power is sent to the abu

dhabi grid

but silicon panels are expensive and the

price of solar power needs to drop if

it's going to be competitive from africa

to asia

to arizona

in the future

mazdar hopes to get energy from this

prototype called the solar beam down

[Music]

using highly reflective mirrors the

solar beam down may generate power more

cheaply and ecologically than silicon

panels

[Music]

the mirrors bounce the sun's rays up to

the tower

[Music]

and then down to a point

reaching a temperature of 600 degrees

steam can be generated to run turbines

to make electricity

[Music]

there's just one problem

neither of these solar technologies work

at night

so mazda needs to draw power from the

grid when the sun goes down

and that power comes from natural gas

the reality is it's just not yet

possible to power mass star entirely

without fossil fuels

the great challenge with masdar

will be how do you make it a place that

will not be

just this ideal city that no other place

could actually aspire to because it

doesn't seem real

[Music]

what mazdar has to be is a laboratory

that develops things that then can be

applied in existing cities all around

the world because that's where it will

pay off

there's no payoff if it's just about

itself

the payoff is how can everything it's

trying to do

matter in the rest of the world

[Music]

right now there's only a store two

restaurants a bank and a few hundred

students living here

it's too early to tell if masdar will

work as a city when it's finished

but much has been achieved

they are carbon neutral and largely

powered by renewable energies

solutions here won't work everywhere

though

many cities are in cold climates and

cooling is not their energy problem

they need to let sunlight in not keep it

out

[Music]

cities like los angeles or houston are

built around cars

can masdar's lessons be applied to them

still it's a step in the right direction

and it's impressive that this step is

being taken by a country that doesn't

need to take it

i met a guy who said actually they did

need to take it

he took me to the desert to explain

god says

god talks about man's place in in the

universe

that this world is a trust

and uh

god offered this trust to the mountains

to the heavens to uh to the land to

earth

and all

and all refused it refused to take

this trust

but man being you know adventurous

a bit vain maybe too ambitious

being banned

accepted it now accepting it

there is a responsibility

taking responsibility isn't always easy

utopia

may be unattainable

but we must reach for it

and mazdar does give us a clue to what

cities will be like in the

future they may not look quite like

mastar

but they will be shaped by the same

concerns

by energy

where it comes from

and how it's used

[Music]

the way we've been building cities

lately

is

unsustainable

we can't go on building them that way

but to say that we can't build cities

the way we have been building them

doesn't mean we can't build cities in

the future

in fact we have to build cities cities

are the essential statement of human

civilization

so we will continue to make them

but we have to make them in a different

way

what we've seen is that the world of

2050 won't look drastically different

from the world today but the challenges

of a growing population and increased

energy use demand real solutions

it's innovations like those we've just

seen that will be critical in charting

our path to the world of 2050.

you

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