Another Blow to Big Bang! James Webb Telescope Detects a Structure that Should Not Exist

the Jane's web Space Telescope has been

in the news since it was launched on

Christmas Day 2021

the Superstar telescope has since

unfolded the universe in a way no one

expected only recently it discovered six

galaxies that existed only 500 million

years after the big bang

not just that these galaxies are well

formed and contains more stars than

today's galaxies like our Milky Way

these galaxies should not exist as it

toys with our model of cosmology

to make matters more uncomfortable for

scientists researchers from the

University of Minnesota have discovered

that one of these galaxies is so bizarre

that we might have to go back to the

drawing board

welcome to lab 360. it's time to explore

the James Webb Space Telescope can

collect about 10 times as much light as

the Hubble Space Telescope and is much

more sensitive at redder longer

wavelengths in the infrared Spectrum

this allows scientists to access an

entirely new window of data of the early

universe

but to understand the early Universe we

need to go back in time to a point where

time and space did not exist

according to the theory of cosmic

inflation the universe was born with the

big bang as an unimaginably hot dense

point

when the universe was just a hundredth

of a billionth of a trillionth of a

trillionth of a second in age it

experienced an incredible burst of

expansion known as inflation in which

space itself expanded faster than the

speed of light

during this period the universe doubled

in size at least 90 times going from

subatomic size to golf ball sized almost

instantaneously

after that the growth of the universe

continued but at a slower rate as space

expanded the universe cooled and matter

formed only one second after the big

bang the universe was filled with

neutrons protons electrons

anti-electrons photons and neutrinos but

for the first 380 000 years or so the

universe was essentially too hot for

light to shine

380 000 years after however Mata began

to cool and it cooled enough four atoms

to form

however after this point the universe

was plunged Into Darkness since no stars

or any other bright objects had formed

yet

fast forward to 400 million years after

the big bang and we can see the universe

beginning to come out of its Dark Ages

this period in the universe's evolution

is called the age of reionization

during this phase which lasted for more

than 500 million years the first Stars

started to appear so galaxies scientists

thought began building up in the first

billion years after the big bang and

sort of reached adolescence at one to

two billion years

however the James Webb Space Telescope

has found not one but six galaxies that

were fully formed only 500 million years

after the big bang

and that is a problem

using first of their kind observations

from the James Webb Space Telescope a

university of minnesota-led Team looked

more than 13 billion years into the past

to discover a unique minuscule Galaxy

that generated new stars at an extremely

high rate for its size

the Galaxy is one of the smallest ever

discovered at this distance and could

help astronomers learn more about

galaxies that were present shortly after

the universe came into existence

the Galaxy's volume is roughly a

millionth of the Milky Ways but we can

see that it's still forming the same

numbers of stars each year

the galaxies that existed when the

universe was in its infancy are very

different from what we see in the nearby

Universe now explain scientists

studying these galaxies could help us

figure out how and when these first

stars and galaxies emerged from within

the universe Dark Ages

until then it remains a mystery still as

to how the universe came into being

as days pass more results of

observations from jwst is revealing that

the Universe especially at its early

stage was Stranger than we imagine

not only has Webb discovered these early

galaxies it has also now found a black

hole which is almost as old as the

universe

scientists have discovered what they

believe to be the oldest known black

hole in the universe owing to the

telescope's ultra powerful sensors that

captured this elusive entity

this supermassive black hole which

dwarfs our sun by a staggering 10

million times existed at the center of a

galaxy

570 million years after the universe

Inception a time so remote it's

difficult to fathom

to put it in perspective the universe

itself is estimated to be 13.7 billion

years old

observations collected through the

Jane's web Space Telescope have revealed

an active supermassive black hole 10

million times the mass of the Sun one

that is actively growing as it slurps up

matter from the space around it

at just 570 million years after the big

bang this is the earliest growing

supermassive black hole detected yet

although scientists are hoping it won't

Remain the record holder for long

the black hole was found inside one of

the earliest galaxies ever detected

previously known as egsy8 though since

renamed CE are sn19

its Discovery could help with one of the

biggest head scratchers of the early

universe

how the black holes in the cosmic Dawn

grew to such large size in such a short

amount of time

we found the most distant active

Galactic nuclear say GN and the most

distant earliest black hole we've ever

found said an astrophysicist associated

with the finding

scientists were initially looking at

cers 10 19 as part of their work

investigating light produced by star

formation in the very early universe

this light called Lima now for a mission

is thought to be generated by the

ionization of neutral hydrogen by star

formation activity

the early Universe was filled with a fog

of neutral hydrogen which prevented

light from propagating it was only after

this hydrogen was ionized that light

could stream freely

this e-park of reionization as it is

known is not fully understood

we know it took place in the first

billion years after the big bang

13.8 billion years ago but seeing that

far into the early universe is really

hard

CRS Den 19 and a handful of other super

early galaxies are excellent targets for

This research because they are

relatively bright

the Galaxy was identified in Hubble data

in 2015 and at the time was the earliest

most distant Galaxy observed

subsequent observations confirmed its

existence but more detailed information

remained elusive the earliest light in

the universe has shifted so far into the

infrared part of the spectrum due to the

universe expansion that a powerful

dedicated infrared instrument like jwst

is necessary to probe them

so when jwst came along

ERS 1019 the brightest of the Hubble

galaxies from this Epoch was an obvious

Target the telescope stared at the

Galaxy for just one hour with all four

of its instruments but returned a wealth

of data

in the moment I was kind of like wow

look at everything we can see with jwst

we've seen this whole portion of the

spectrum of this Galaxy and any galaxies

early on in the universe we've never

seen before said astrophysicist Rebecca

Lawson

I was just overwhelmed by the amount of

information

but then she noticed something she

wasn't quite expecting

in addition to the light of star

formation there was a broad emission

feature usually associated with Aegean

and when she mentioned it to some AGN

researchers things started to get

interesting

typically a galaxy in the early Universe

emits either light from an AGN or light

from Star formation

to see both in the same galaxy was

extremely unexpected

there is some impact that the black hole

is having on the emission lines that

we're seeing but most of the light we

see in our images is still dominated by

the star-forming part of the Galaxy

that a supermassive black hole existed

more than 13.2 billion years ago and was

seen growing is not as surprising as you

might think

much larger black holes have been

detected in the early universe

scientists still do not know how the

black holes in those galaxies got to be

so massive that early on in the universe

now with the discovery of this black

hole only is some 500 million years

after the birth of the universe is a

mystery in itself the image of the early

universe is changing faster than we

expected and like it or not it is time

to get back to the drawing board

what do you say drop in your comments to

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we will explore

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