GCSE PE - TECHNOLOGY IN SPORT (Advantages & Disadvantages) - (Social & Cultural Influences - 10.8)

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hello and welcome to another complete

cambridge igcsepe lesson the final topic

in chapter 10 technology in sport as

always we'll cover absolutely everything

you need to know for your exam and today

you need to be able to identify the

different forms of technology used in

sport understand how technology is used

by officials to improve performance and

record time and distance and to describe

the positive and negative impact of

technology on sport

technology has had a major impact on the

world of sport affecting almost every

area it's influenced how officials make

decisions how performers train for

events and deliver their best

performances how athletes performances

are measured and recorded and how sports

are enjoyed by spectators via the media

the first thing that you need to be able

to do is identify the different forms of

technology used in sport so why not

pause the video here and take note of

the different types and a few examples

from each now there are three main

benefits or uses of technology in sport

the first of which is to improve

performance

sports such as formula one and cycling

tend to be at the forefront of

performance technology every piece of

equipment from helmets to tires is

tested and refined and the cars and

bikes are developed to ensure maximum

streamlining and efficiency wind tunnels

are particularly useful in this process

as they help engineers to analyze and

adjust the aerodynamic properties of

their vehicles

new and innovative clothing footwear

rackets and balls are also developed

through technological innovation and

help to improve the athlete's

performance in accordance with the rules

of their sport for example more

sophisticated golf clubs and balls mean

that the average driving distance

amongst the pga tour increased from 250

yards in 1980 to around 300 yards today

in sprinting middle and long distance

running records continue to be broken

over time thanks to advances in track

surfaces and the introduction of running

spikes and starting blocks big

improvements have also been made in

swimming with the invention of low

friction swimsuits and lane ropes and

guttering that reduce turbulence

technology has also influenced the way

we prepare or train for competition

altitude tents or chambers for example

are artificial environments that

replicate the low oxygen conditions

experienced at altitude endurance

athletes train or even sleep inside the

tents forcing their bodies to produce

additional red blood cells thus

improving their aerobic performance

finally multi-sensor or gps equipment

tracks heart rate speed intensity and an

athlete's movements around the field of

play allowing coaches to provide

specific feedback and identify

weaknesses that can be addressed through

future training the second way in which

technology is used in sport is to assist

officials in making decisions ball

tracking technology or hawkeye is a

complex computer system that predicts

the trajectory or flight path of an

object it's used to determine whether a

shuttle landed in or out in

badminton or if the ball would have gone

on to hit the stumps in cricket in

tennis players are given a limited

number of chances per set to refer to

hawkeye and challenge the umpire's

decision goalline technology uses the

same principle of ball tracking to

determine whether a ball crossed the

line and a goal should be awarded to

avoid disrupting the flow of the game a

radio signal is immediately sent to the

on-field referee's watch causing it to

vibrate

slow motion video is used to determine

whether a ball was released before or

after the buzzer in basketball and if a

bowler overstepped the crease resulting

in a no ball in cricket finally infrared

imaging systems commonly known as

hotspot are used in cricket to determine

whether or not the ball made contact

with the bat before being caught by a

fielder the third and final way in which

technology is used is to measure times

and distances in sports like track and

field athletics fully automatic time is

a method of timing a race with pinpoint

accuracy where the clock is activated by

sensors in the starting blocks and

stopped by line scan cameras using a

laser line at the finish the same

principle is used in swimming with touch

pads that record times accurate to a

hundredth of a second finally

laser-based distance measurement devices

can produce accurate computer-generated

measurements negating the need for

traditional tools like tape measures

when recording a triple jump javelin or

hammer throw the gradual adoption of

technology and sport has had an impact

on all those involved in both positive

and negative ways our final learning

objective today is to describe the

benefits and drawbacks of technology

from the perspective of the four parties

involved and will begin with the

performers themselves on the plus side

improvements in training and equipment

based technology has helped athletes to

improve over time and continue to set

records in addition with hawkeye and

slow motion video many sports now allow

athletes to review decisions that may

have otherwise gone against them

unfairly unfortunately however due to a

lack of funding not all athletes have

access to the latest technology giving

an advantage to those from wealthier

countries decision-making technology may

also break up or slow down a game which

could interfere with a performer's focus

from the perspective of sport in general

technology has brought with it fairer

and more consistent decision making and

may even add drama and suspense while a

decision is being made

inviting technology into sport also

brings in more investment which can be

allocated to development on the other

hand investors such as media companies

may demand more influence in return for

their investment which could lead to

changes in the timings of games and more

breaks

in addition decision-making technologies

are not 100 accurate meaning incorrect

decisions are still made and in some

cases they take time and may break up

the flow of the game the audience have

benefited from advancements in the media

as those watching from home now have

access to expert analysis multiple

camera angles and slow motion replays

decision making technologies allow them

to see how decisions are being made

which reduces frustration and in some

cases adds a sense of drama and

excitement to an event on the other hand

spectators may see errors or poor

decisions if viewing on platforms with

technology that the officials don't have

causing problems for the sport and the

officials themselves in addition to keep

play fast only a few reviews are allowed

meaning mistakes may still be made if a

player has no reviews left which could

be frustrating for the audience finally

officials have also benefited from

technology as it helps them to

communicate more easily with their

colleagues and make correct decisions

this of course reduces unwanted pressure

from players and fans who now know that

the technology has the final say

unfortunately however referees may

become too reliant on these systems to

make decisions while reverse decisions

may lead to officials being undermined

well done you've just covered everything

you need to know on topic 10.8

technology in sport as always i hope you

found this lesson useful and i'll see

you in the next one

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